you're never alone

A teenage girl about 17 had gone to visit some friends one evening and time passed quickly as each shared their various experiences of the past year. She ended up staying longer than planned, and had to walk home alone. She wasn't afraid because it was a small town and she livedonly a few blocks away. As she walked along under the tall elm trees, Diane asked God to keep her safe from harm and danger. When she reached the alley, which was a short cut to her house, she decided to take it. However, halfway down the alley she noticed a man standing at the end as though he were waiting for her. She became uneasy and began to pray, asking for God's protection. Instantly a comforting feeling of quietness and security wrapped round her, she felt as though someone was walking with her. When she reached the end of the alley, she walked right past the man and arrived home safely. The following day, she read in the newspaper that a young girl had been raped in the same alley just twenty minutes after she had been there. Feeling overwhelmed by this tragedy and the fact that it could have been her, she began to weep. Thanking the Lord for her safety and to help this young woman, she decided to go to the police station. She felt she could recognize the man, so she told them her story. The police asked her if she would be willing to look at a lineup to see if she could identify him. She agreed and immediately pointed out the man she had seen in the alley the night before. When the man was told he had been identified, he immediately broke down and confessed. The officer thanked Diane for her bravery and asked if there was anything they could do for her. She asked if they would ask the man one question. Diane was curious as to why he had not attacked her. When the policeman asked him, he answered, "Because she wasn't alone. She had two tall men walking on either side of her."
Amazingly, whether you believe or not, you're never alone.

the Lord's baseball game

Freddy and the Lord stood by to observe a baseball game. The Lord's team was playing Satan's team. The Lord's team was at bat, the score was tied zero to zero, and it was the bottom of the 9th inning with two outs. They continued to watch as a batter stepped up to the plate named 'Love.' Love swung at the first pitch and hit a single, because 'Love never fails.' The next batter was named Faith, who also got a single because Faith works with Love. The next batter up was named Godly Wisdom. Satan wound up and threw the first pitch. Godly Wisdom looked it over and let it pass: Ball one. Three more pitches and Godly Wisdom walked because he never swi ngs at what Satan throws. The bases were now loaded. The Lord then turned to Freddy and told him He was now going to bring in His star player. Up to the plate stepped Grace. Freddy said, 'He sure doesn't look like much!' Satan's whole team relaxed when they saw Grace. Thinking he had won the game, Satan wound up and fired his first pitch. To the shock of everyone, Grace hit the ball harder than anyone had ever seen! But Satan was not worried; his center fielder let very few get by. He went up for the ball, but it went right through his glove, hit him on the head and sent him crashing on the ground; the roaring crowds went wild as the ball continued over the fence . . for a home run!

The Lord's team WON!

The Lord then asked Freddy if he knew why Love, Faith and Godly Wisdom could get on base but couldn't win the game. Freddy answered that he didn't know why.

The Lord explained, 'If your love, faith and wisdom had won the game, you would think you had done it by yourself. Love, Faith and Wisdom will get you on base but only My Grace can get you Home.

'For by Grace are you saved, it is a gift of God; not of works, lest any man should boast.' Ephestians 2:8-9

Psalm 84:11, 'For the Lord God is a sun and shield; the Lord will give grace and glory; no good thing will He withhold from those who walk uprightly.'

the tree

There was a tree who witnessed true love through a promise that had been carved on it. After 10 years, the girl went back to see if it's still there and was surprised because the boy was also there. So they talked and shared their experiences.

After a few minutes, an old lady passing by asked the girl "sino kausap mo, iha?" The girl answered "lola, siya po" sabay turo sa boy. The old lady answered back "nasaan? ala ka naman kausap eh. umalis ka na diyan at alam mo ba may pinatay diyan sa puno na yan? pianglaban niya na wag putulin ng mga loggers ang puno at may hihintayin daw siya." The girl looked at the boy. The boy smiled and said, "see, I fulfilled my promise."

10 Biggest Brain Damaging Habits

1. No Breakfast
People who do not take breakfast are going to have a lower blood sugar level. This leads to an insufficient supply of nutrients to the brain causing brain degeneration.

2. Overeating
It causes hardening of the brain arteries, leading to a decrease in mental power.

3. Smoking
It causes multiple brain shrinkage and may lead to Alzheimer disease.

4. High Sugar consumption
Too much sugar will interrupt the absorption of proteins and nutrients causing malnutrition and may interfere with brain development.

5. Air Pollution
The brain is the largest oxygen consumer in our body. Inhaling polluted air decreases the supply of oxygen to the brain, bringing about a decrease in brain efficiency.

6. Sleep Deprivation
Sleep allows our brain to rest. Long term deprivation from sleep will accelerate the death of brain cells.

7. Head covered while sleeping
Sleeping with the head covered increases the concentration of carbon dioxide and decrease concentration of oxygen that may lead to brain damaging effects.

8. Working your brain during illness
Working hard or studying with sickness may lead to a decrease in effectiveness of the brain as well as damage the brain.

9. Lacking in stimulating thoughts
Thinking is the best way to train our brain, lacking in brain stimulation thoughts may cause brain shrinkage.

10. Talking Rarely
Intellectual conversations will promote the efficiency of the brain

candies... candies... candies....

oh..candy panghimagas.. kapanahunan ninyo 'to..

hindi maitatwa na ang kendi ay naging malaking parte ng kabataan natin.mga
makukulay,mababango(although minsan may maantot),at masasarap na kending
lalung nagpasaya saten at minsang nagpaiyak din dahil sa sakit ng ipen na
dulot nito.balikan natin ang mga kending namayagpag at pumukaw sa mga puso
at tastebuds nmin nung panahon ko.


1. KENDI MINT - eto ang kending kanunu-nunuan pa ng dynamite.ang official
na kendi ng mga taong may tinatagong puot sa knilang kaloob looban.mint
candy sya(malamang?!) na may lamang chocolate o kokwang mamasa masa sa
pinakagitna.kulay green ang wrapper nya na may nakaimprentang eskimo na
nakangite at parang gustong magpasubo na.

2. LIPPS - ang kendi ng mga batang malalande,mapa nene man yan o
tukling.cherry flavor na kendi na gawa sa benadryl(ayun sa pakilasa ko yan
ha,mapait kase) at sandamakmak na pulang food coloring.sobrang makulay sa
bibig,kadalasang ginagawang panghalili sa lipstik ng mga bata o di kaya
dugo effect sa larung aswang aswangan.payak lang ang wrapper,kulay puti at
pula tapos nakalagay lipps.


3. VIVA! - ang kendi na ayaw na ayaw ni mother lily.caramel candy sya na
mukang tae at mukang hindi masarap bilhin lalu na ang kainin.kulay tae din
ang wrapper nya at mas mamatamisin mo pa cgurong ikendi ang naptalina kesa
sa kending toh.

4. WHITE RABBIT - dalawa kase ang klase ng kending
white rabbit,may tinatawag na local at imported.parang vivang pinahaba lang
ung local version,toffeecaramel ang flavor at bukod dun eh wala ng ibang
misteryong mahihita pa sa knya.kulay puti at super milking nougat naman ung
imported.at bukod dun sa chinese character na nakaimprenta sa wrapper nya
eto ang pinaka pambato ng white rabbit imported,ang kanyang inner wrapper
na pwedeng kainin at pagsaluhan ng buong pamilya.happy fiesta!


5. PINYA - hindi ko alam kung anu ba tlaga ang lehitimong tawag sa kendi na
toh,pero dahil hndi tayu masyado sure ay itago na lang natin sya sa
pngalang ?pinya?.sya ang kending pinakafashionista ang wrapper dahil
figuratively muka syang pinya.bagsak lang sya sa itsura ng wrapper dahil
mukang tapeteng mura lang per yarda ang itsura nito.at ang
lasa?..pinya..malamang.

6. VICK'S - ang kendi ng mga batang may kakambal o ng mga batang sadyang
madamot lang tlga at pinalaking dupang?vicks candy.mentholated ang vicks at
dalawang piraso sya ng kendi sa isang maliit na pack na hugis inverted
triangle(kumporme sa paghawak mo).kulay hinog na uhog at pinaniniwalaan ng
mga bata na nakakapagpaluwag ng paghinga.hndi ko alam kung associated tlga
ang nakagisnan naming vicks candy sa vicks na pamahid sa sinisipon.


7. BUTTER BALL - ang kendi na mga batang may malalaking bibig.ito ang
peter's butterball,ang pinakamasarap sa lahat ng caramel candies.bilog
syang candy na mejo may kalakihan ang hulma kung sa bata ipapasubo.sosyal
ang wrapper dahil ito ata ang pinakaunang kendi na nasa pillow pack at
kulay peach pa.bsta masarap,husto na yun.

8. ORANGE SWITS - ang ina ng mga gummi bears at potchi.malalambot na orange
slices na pinatihaya,pinadapa at pinagulong gulong sa asukal hanggang sa
magtanda.apat na slices per pack at mas madalas na makitang binebenta ngyun
ng mga takatak boys kesa sa sari sari stores.


9. TOOTSIE ROLL - isa sa pinakasikat ng kendi nung panahon ko,sa sobrang
kasikatan eh nagkaron pa ng dance craze na tribute sa knya nung early
90s.caramel candy din ang tootsie roll na kasing haba ng mongol na
makatatlong beses ng tinasahan.bukod sa pwede syang kainin at sayawin ay
pwede din syang itapal sa ngipen para magmukang bungal at yun ang
pinakamasayang purpose ng tootsie roll.

10. ALMO - ang pinagmulan ng mga ovalteenies.chocolate candies sya na
mukang mga tabletang panlunas sa sipon at lagnat.nakalagay sa makulay at
maliit na foil pack at kadalasang nakasabit sa tindahan dahil dugsong
dugsong sya.masarap ang almo lalu na kung hindi mo sariling pera ang
pinambili.


11. HAW FLAKES - ang buhay na patunay na hindi sa ikatlong baitang sa
elementarya unang nagaganap ang pangungumunyon ng mga bata.ito ang haw
flakes,ang kending galing pa ng tsina at naging saksi sa barter trade
system.mas kilala sa tawag na ?oscha? dahil sa kakatwang itsura
nito.maninipis at kulay maroon na amoy pawisang singit ng
bata(maasim),nevertheless may basbas at sagrado.dito nagsisimula ang
damdaming makadiyos at madasalin kaya ibahin nyo ang haw flakes.ang kending
galing sa langit

12. KENDING HUBO - also known as neto,nyan o dutdut motion.pabili nga po
neto,pabili po nyan,o di kaya dutdut na lang dun sa garapon.ganyan ang
kending hubo.ang kending walang sapat na pagkakakilanlan at impormasyon sa
sarili.muka syang holen na iba iba ang kulay at flavor(kadalasan
citrus/fruity).may budbud syang asukal sa paligid at kadalasang nakalagay
sa malaking garapon ng lady?s choice.


13. LALA - ang pinakamasarap ng tsokolate sa mundo ng pagkabata.mas kilala
sa tawag na ?milo?,ang lala ay gawa sa purong kokwa(cge magmarunong tayu sa
ingredients) na hinulma into small rectangular chocolate bars na may
nakaemboss na parang rehas ng veranda.sobrang masarap at sobrang tindi din
kung magpasakit ng ngipin,nevertheless masarap.un naman ang importante eh.

14. CHOC-NUT - ang hall of famer sa lahat!sya ang pinakasikat na kendi(o
kung anumang twag sa klase nya) sa balat ng pilipinas.gawa sa natuyong
peanut butter at chocolate na hanggang ngayun ay hndi ko makapa ang lasa na
binalot sa palara.all time favorite ng panghimagas o pampalipas
oras.chocnut is simply the best(naks! parang HBO)?

15. Serg – yung gawa sa kokwang rektangulo na manipis at balot sa foil at papel..yung balot nya ay kulay krema at may sulat na “Serg” ano pa ba? Tapos sa patalastas maririnig mo ang linyang “serg, ikaw pa riiin…” hahaha!

16. Sundot Kulangot – nasa parang kawayan na maliit tapos may panundot at panucha yata ang laman…basta kulay kulangot at sinusundot kaya sundot kulangot..wahahaha!

17. Kulangot ng Intsik – bilog na maliliit na tsokolate..intsik lang ba may ganung hugis ng kulangot? Di ba lahat naman kapag sinundot at binilug-bilog ganun ang kalalabasan ke albino ka pa o kalahi ni nixau!

18. Football – gawa rin yata ng kumpanya ng serg ‘to eh..hugis football na tsokolate at masarap papakin

Philippine Traffic

When greeting a Filipino driver, slowly lower your window and be
prepared to greet the driver with: "Tang namo, bobski". However, if you
have been already addressed by a fellow driver, reply with a joyful
"Tang namo rin, ".

On Turn signals
If a driver in another lane turns on the turn signal, do not let him go
into your lane. In fact, press the accelerator and start driving right
next to him/her. The fellow driver will probably greet you and you
already know what to do.

On Traffic Lights
These amusing artifacts hang from intersections for no apparent reason.
Sometimes you will see drivers stop to see the colors change on these
lights (a fascinating experience). Government officials (specifically
police) believe that each color stands for an instruction for drivers
to follow.

From pure observation I have determined the following instructions for
each color:

Yellow light: accelerate your car as much as possible.
Red light: this light gives permission to the next five to six cars to
go through.
Green: reduce speed and wait for the five to six cars passing through
their respective red lights.
Little-known-fact: Time to start honking your horn, as soon as the
light turns green: 1.5 seconds.

On Changing Lanes
Changing lanes has been elevated to an art form in the Philippines.
First of all, no matter what you do, never turn on your turn signal or
otherwise you'll stimulate the reaction described above. Second, swerve
your car uncontrollably to the lane you want to change, preferably if
you end up within inches of a car in that lane. At this point a greeting
from the other driver may be in order. To perfect your change of lanes,
reduce the speed of your car dramatically in a matter of seconds and
you will see an action packed reaction from the car behind you.

On Traffic Jams
Traffic Jams are teeming with fun filled activities such as:

1. Honking your horn rhythmically.
2. Put on make-up (usually female drivers only)
3. Nose-pickers sightseeing. (not to be confused with people who
scratch their brains through their nose)
4. Reduce speed to watch whatever is causing the traffic jam. Add
excitement by trying to see if you know the parties involved. (note:
every Filipino driver is obliged to do this)
5. Lose weight by sweating like a pig as a result of a lack of air
conditioning.
6. Greet other drivers.
7. Practice lane changing.
8. Play the game: Let's see how close I can get to you before
rear-ending you.

On Pedestrians
These individuals are an annoyance to the Filipino driver. If you see
pedestrians on your way, accelerate your car to let them know who's the
boss. If you are at an intersection, let the pedestrians know you want
to proceed by accelerating your car and honking at the last possible
moment.

On Social Situations
Bumping into a friend while driving (not to be taken literally) is a
joyful occasion. Drivers should reduce speed and stop their cars in the
middle of the street and chit chat. What about other drivers? Well,
they
can wait.

On Highway Driving
Bottleneck Formation: To accomplish this type of driving, cars must
block all lanes by driving at the same speed and side by side (to avoid
other cars to pass). It is important to drive at a speed at least 20
mph below the speed limit.

The Three-Lane-Change : This movement requires a lot of precision and
creativity. It should be done around the highest number of cars
possible and in a matter of seconds to create what others may refer to as
widespread panic.

new traffice violation

beware of this new traffic violation our local traffic enforcers are implementing...


BETTING THE READ LIGHT. nyahahaha

IRRITATING SEATMATE AT AIRPLANE, For my country!!!!!

WHEN YOU FIND YOURSELF SEATED BESIDE AN ANNOYING PASSENGER ON AN AIRPLANE, DO THE FF:

1. QUIETLY AND CALMLY GET YOUR LAPTOP

2. START UP

3. MAKE SURE YOUR SEATMATE CAN SEE THE SCREEN

4. TILT YOUR HEAD LOOKING UP AND CLOSE YOUR EYES.

5. MUMBLE WITH YOUR LIPS LIKE YOUR PRAYING.

6. THEN CLICK THIS.

quotable quotes... nyak!!! :D

==============================================
LEGEND:
- means babae
+ means lalaki
==============================================

-you are my alarm clock
+ huh?
-cause you are the reason why i wake up early in the morning

+ tapos na ba ang test nyo?
- bakit mo naman natanong yan?
+ para ako naman ang sagutin mo..

+ Siguro mahilig ka sa geometry
- bakit mo naman nasabi?
+ kasi kahit saang angle ang cute mo e.

+ di ka napapagod?
- huh? bket?
+ knina k p kse tumatakbo s isip ko eh...

+ ako na magbabayad ng tuition fee mo....
- huh?
+ basta pag-aralan mo lan akong mahalin...

+para kang Terorista
-bakit?
+kasi binihag mo ang puso ko e

+gusto mo ng Balde?
-bakit?
+umaapaw kasi ang kagandahan mo e...

+ uy! Pa picture tayo!
- at bakit naman?
+para ma develop tayo..

+Mahilig ka bang magluto ng pancit canton?
-Baket ulit?
+Kasi pag kasama kita.. Feeling ko.. Lucky Me!

- Ano ang hinahanap mo?
+ Yung watch ko po.
- Bakit naman?
+ Kasi, gusto kong tingan kung tatakbo ba ang oras kapag kasama kita.

+ Ang galing mo palang mangarera
- Bket?
+ bcoz ur driving me crazy

+ do you have a map?
- why?
+bcoz i get lost in your eyes

+Miss, keyboard ka ba?
-Bakit?
+Kasi type kita

+Alam mo d na ako kumakain ng sinabawang gulay?
-bakit dahil na babaduyan ka sa commercial?
+Kasi sayo pa lang makulay na buhay ko...

+i'm invisible! u can't see me!
- what are u talkin' about? of course i can see u!
+i'm free friday.. it's a date then..

+ Ms ano height mo??
- Bakit mo natanong?
+ Di ka kasi magkasya sa puso ko..

-Kung ikukumpara mo ako sa isang halaman ano ako?
+Uhm.... Cactus...
-Ay anu ba yan bakit naman Cactus?
+Hindi ko alam pero kahit cactus ka ..... Yayakapin kita kahit masakatan pa ako...

+ Ikaw ba ang may ari ng Meralco?
- Bakit?
+ Kasi lumiliwanag ang buhay ko kapag kasama kita

+do you know cpr? coz you take my breath away

+do you know karate coz your body is kicking

- You deserve evrything and i deserve nothing
+ But.... I am nothing and you are my Everything... That's why we need each other
and we are meant to each other...

+Are you a constellation?
- Why?
+ cause you have a heavenly body

+mag impake ka aalis tayo

- bakit saan tayo pupunta?
+sa home for the aged
-bakit?
+i want to grow old with you...

+ Miss lecture mo ba ako?
- Ha?
+ Lab kasi kita eh!

+ Miss can you take your shift off?
- Excuse me?!
+ I just want to see how angels hide their wings....




....hhhaaay. ang korny. nkakaasar..


hehehe

pizza!!!

January 15, 2008.. ayun, nagpakain boss namin ng pizza!!! Jugnos monster pizza!! hehe! sarap dun! promiz!

questions... questions... questions...

Q: ang lason ba nakakalason pa rin... pag expired?

Q: bakit nasa gilid ang mata ng manok?

Q: pag namatay ba ang bulate... binubulate rin?

Q: magtatae ka ba kung nakainom ka ng expired na diatabs?

Q: bakit hindi naiiwan ang langaw sa loob ng sasakyan habang tumatakbo?

Q: sa mga 24hours na convinient stores... bakit may lock pa rin ang mga pinto nila kung hindi naman sila nagsasara?

Q: pano naging 25hours ang store hours ng goodah?

Q: si pooh ba.. lalake o babae?

Q: si tweety bird ba.. lalake o babae?

Q: naisahan na ba ni coyote si roadrunner?

Q: ang tao ba sa loob ng mascot naka-smile.. pag nagpapa-picture?

Q: pag ang submarine ba, pinutok mo ang torpedo ng wala sa tubig ang submarine, lalabas pa rin ang torpedo?

Q: magkakapalit ba ng armor/costume si HeMan at SheRa pag nagkabaliktad sila ng sword?

Q: bakit "red sea" ang tawag sa "red sea", eh hindi naman yun color red?

Q: bakit hindi agad ilabas ni VoltesV ang laser sword niya sa simula para tapos agad yung bozanian monster?

Q: bakit hindi ilabas agad ng PowerRangers yung mga robot nila tapos pagtransform agad habang maliit pa yung kalaban?

Q: bakit kailangan isigaw ni Steve ng VoltesV ang pangalan ng weapons nila pag gagamitin? like "ultraelectromagnetic top!!!"... (d na lang pindutin agad yung button...)

Q: ang mga maskman ba pag nagkamali ng hand-symbol ng transformation nila, maling costume masusuot nila? kungyare, si redmask, gawin nya ang hand-symbol ni pinkmask, eh uniform ni pinkmask masusuot niya?

===========================================================================

Q: bakit hindi sinusugot ng mga bozanian monsters ang VoltesV habang nagvo-volt-in sila?
A: kasi pinapakinggan and tinatapos ng bozanian monsters yung background music

Q: ano favorite color ni pooh?
A: eh d POOHlah... at POOHte

Q: anong kapre ang maliit?
A: eh di.. KAPREnggot

videos and audios!!! :D

Logan, the Sky Angel Cowboy

baby, "whatever"

Database Design and Modeling Fundamentals

I got this information from SQLTeam.com. Special thanks to Brent Huscher.

Database design and the creation of an entity relationship diagram (also known as an "ERD" or data model) is an important yet sometimes overlooked part of the application development lifecycle. An accurate and up-to-date data model can serve as an important reference tool for DBAs, developers, and other members of a JAD (joint application development) team. The process of creating a data model helps the team uncover additional questions to ask of end users. Effective database design also allows the team to develop applications that perform well from the beginning. By building quality into the project, the team reduces the overall time it takes to complete the project, which in turn reduces project development costs. The central theme behind database design is to "measure twice, cut once".

Effective database designers will keep in mind the principles of normalization while they design a database. Normalization is a database design approach that seeks the following four objectives:

1. minimization of data redundancy,
   
2. minimization of data restructuring,
   
3. minimization of I/O by reduction of transaction sizes, and
   
4. enforcement of referential integrity.

The following concepts and techniques are important to keep in mind when designing an effective database:

1. An entity is a logical collection of things that are relevant to your database. The physical counterpart of an entity is a database table. Name your entities in singular form and in ALL CAPS. For example, an entity that contains data about your company's employees would be named EMPLOYEE.
   
   
2. An attribute is a descriptive or quantitative characteristic of an entity. The physical counterpart of an attribute is a database column (or field). Name your attributes in singular form with either Initial Capital Letters or in all lower case. For example, some attribute names for your EMPLOYEE entity might be: EmployeeId (or employee_id) and BirthDate (or birthdate).
   
   
3. A primary key is an attribute (or combination of attributes) that uniquely identify each instance of an entity. A primary key cannot be null and the value assigned to a primary key should not change over time. A primary key also needs to be efficient. For example, a primary key that is associated with an INTEGER datatype will be more efficient than one that is associated with a CHAR datatype. Primary keys should also be non-intelligent; that is, their values should be assigned arbitrarily without any hidden meaning. Sometimes none of the attributes of an entity are sufficient to meet the criteria of an effective primary key. In this case the database designer is best served by creating an "artificial" primary key.
   
   
4. A relationship is a logical link between two entities. A relationship represents a business rule and can be expressed as a verb phrase. Most relationships between entities are of the "one-to-many" type in which one instance of the parent entity relates to many instances of the child entity. For example, the relationship between EMPLOYEE and STORE_LOCATION would be represented as: one STORE_LOCATION (parent entity) employs many EMPLOYEEs (child entity).
   
   
5. The second type of relationship is the "many-to-many" relationship. In a "many-to-many" relationship, many instances of one entity relate to many instances of the other entity. "Many-to-many" relationships need to be resolved in order to avoid data redundancy. "Many-to-many" relationships may be resolved by creating an intermediate entity known as a cross-reference (or XREF) entity. The XREF entity is made up of the primary keys from both of the two original entities. Both of the two original entities become parent entities of the XREF entity. Thus, the "many-to-many" relationship becomes resolved as two "one-to-many" relationships. For example, the "many-to-many" relationship of (many) EMPLOYEEs are assigned (many) TASKs can be resolved by creating a new entity named EMPLOYEE_TASK. This resolves the "many-to-many" relationship by creating two separate "one-to-many" relationships. The two "one-to-many" relationships are EMPLOYEE (parent entity) is assigned EMPLOYEE_TASK (child entity) and TASK (parent entity) is assigned to EMPLOYEE_TASK (child entity).
   
   
6. A "foreign key" exists when the primary key of a parent entity exists in a child entity. A foreign key requires that values must be present in the parent entity before like values may be inserted in the child entity. The concept of maintaining foreign keys is known as "referential integrity".
   
   
7. Relationships between two entities may be classified as being either "identifying" or "non-identifying". Identifying relationships exist when the primary key of the parent entity is included in the primary key of the child entity. On the other hand, a non-identifying relationship exists when the primary key of the parent entity is included in the child entity but not as part of the child entity's primary key. In addition, non-identifying relationships may be further classified as being either "mandatory" or "non-mandatory". A mandatory non-identifying relationship exists when the value in the child table cannot be null. On the other hand, a non-mandatory non-identifying relationship exists when the value in the child table can be null.
   
   
8. Cardinality helps us further understand the nature of the relationship between the child entity and the parent entity. The cardinality of a relationship may be determined by asking the following question: "How many instances of the child entity relate to each instance of the parent entity?". There are four types of cardinality: (1.) One to zero or more (common cardinality), (2.) One to one or more (P cardinality), (3.) One to zero or one (Z cardinality), and (4.) One to exactly N (N cardinality).
   

In conclusion, effective database design can help the development team reduce overall development time and costs. Undertaking the process of database design and creating a data model helps the team better understand the user's requirements and thus enables them to build a system that is more reflective of the user's requirements and business rules. The act of performing database design is platform-independent so persons who use database systems other than SQL Server should also be able to benefit from these concepts.